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A MARTIAN INDEX
by Chris Wayan, 2003
Mars Reborn: homepage -- Index: Martian place names -- Planetocopia: more world-models
An index of Martian place names, with links to photos and short articles about Mars after terraforming.
GEOGRAPHIC TERMS
- Chaos = land so jumbled it's indescribable. Mars has a lot of it.
- Chasma = chasm, a canyon carved by catastrophic floods
- Dorsa, dorsae = ridge, ridges
- Fossa, fossae = cracks, straight canyons caused by bulging or shrinkage.
- Mensa, mensae = mesas and cliffy islands
- Mons = mountain
- Planum = plain, plateau
- Planitia = low plain or basin, mostly seas now.
- Patera = wide volcano with a large caldera (crater)
- Regio = region (often dropped from names)
- Sulcus, sulci: folds, wrinkles
- Terra = land (often dropped from names)
- Tholus = conical volcano, steeper than a patera
- Vallis, valles = valley, valleys
INDEX
- ACIDALIA, a northern plain, now a lobe of the North Sea
- AEOLIA, terraforming's triumph: equatorial coast with rainforest taller than redwoods
- ALBA PATERA, a low, broad, northern volcano
- AMAZONIS, heart of the Martian rainforest
- AMAZONIS SEA, warm shallow arm of the North Sea
- AMPHITRITE PATERA, a volcano on the south shore of Hellas
- ANTONIADI, a crater-oasis on the Araby-Syrtis border
- AONIA, Red Mars preserved: southern high desert with life only in craters
- APOLLINARIS PATERA, a large equatorial volcano, south of Elysium
- ARABY, the great northern desert once called Arabia Terra
- ARCADIA, just north of Olympus; Oregon on Mars
- ARCTICA, the new polar continent; much like Greenland
- ARES VALLEY, a long desert river east of lower Mariner Canyon
- ARGYRE SEA, a mammoth impact basin; ringed with high mountains
- AROMATUM CHAOS, an equatorial water-maze in the lower Mariner Canyon complex
- ARSIA MONS, a volcano of Tharsis, rivaling Oympus in height, but narrower and steeper
- ARSINOES CHAOS, an equatorial water-maze in the lower Mariner Canyon complex
- ASCRAEUS MONS, volcano in Tharsis rivaling Oympus in height. Wide caldera with huge cliffwalled gap
- CANDOR CHASMA, in the north-center of the Mariner complex; now flooded and full of islands
- CAPRI CHASMA, a wide, chaotic eastern part of the Mariner canyon complex; now a sound full of islands
- CASSINI, a great crater in Araby, now an oasis
- CERAUNIUS THOLUS, large volcano in north Tharsis south of Lake Uranius
- CERBERUS FOSSAE, a range of canyons and hills in southeast Elysium
- the CHAOTIC TERRAINS, the fractal landscape of the lower Mariner Canyon complex
- CHARITIUM MONTES, the radial mountains south and east of the Argyre Sea. Cold and snowy
- CHASMA BOREALE, an ice-covered sound cutting into Arctica almost to the pole.
- CHRYSE GULF, a shallow sea about the size of the Mediterranean, north of the Mariner canyons
- CIMMERIA, Red Mars preserved: a largely featureless red plain. Lava flow?
- CLARITAS FOSSAE, an overlooked Andes curving south of Mariner Canyon
- COPERNICUS, a forested crater in the Southern Highlands between Aonia and Cimmeria
- COPRATES CHASMA, the deepest stretch of Mariner Canyon, east of Melas
- CYDONIA, the coast of desert isles
- the DAEDALUS PLATEAU, cursed by altitude
- DAO VALLEY, a fjord and river valley, northeast Hellas
- the DELTA, lenticular heaven
- DEUTERONILUS MENSAE, a Siberian coast north of Araby. Locals call it just Deutero
- ECHUS CHASMA, a two-mile-high cliff, now a flyers' mecca
- ELYSIUM, the one true continent
- EOS CHASMA, southeastern stretch of Mariner Canyon, now a wide sound full of islands
- GANGES CHASMA, a dead-end arm of lower Mariner Canyon, now a wide, deep, cliffwalled sound
- GREAT ESCARPMENT: cliffs roughly girdling Mars, as the Southern Highlands drop to the North Sea basin. Prominent above Isidis Bay and Amazonia
- GUSEV CRATER, in Aeolia, is now a lake... again.
- MT HADRIACA, a volcano at the southeast end of Tyrrhena Highland, north of Hellas Basin
- HARMAKIS VALLEY, a fjord and river valley, east Hellas
- HEBES CHASMA, a deep pit with a central mesa southeast of Echus Chasma and Kasei; the source of the Kasei outbreak. Now a cliffwalled valley with lakes.
- the HELLAS SEA, a deep, dense-aired basin, now a Terran terrarium; warmest place on Mars
- HERSCHEL, a large crater, now an oasis northeast of Hellas
- HESPERIA, a steppe revived at last
- HUYGENS, a huge crater, now an oasis with a central lake, northwest of Hellas
- the IAPYGIAN SINK, a fertile mystery; a trough between the North Sea and Hellas
- ISIDIS BAY, an old impact basin, now a coral sea
- IUS CHASMA, a straight canyon linking Noctis Labyrinthus and Melas Chasma in the upper Mariner complex
- JUVENTA CHASM, a cliffwalled sink in southern Xanthe
- KASEI VALLEY, a prairie north of Mariner Canyon; prezebra and elephant heaven
- KEPLER, a large crater, now an oasis east of Hellas
- LOMONOSOV, a large northern crater, now a tundra island
- LOWELL, a deep double-walled crater, now a large southern oasis
- LUCUS FOSSAE, now a ridged and grooved equatorial cape southwest of Olympus
- the LUNAE PLANUM, a tropical plain--but wet or dry? My guess: wooded ends, grassy middle
- the LYCUS SULCI, a wrinkled lava coast west of Olympus; one of Mars's few coastal deserts
- LYOT, biggest crater of the north, now a rugged, dark-forested, ringshaped island
- MA'ADIM RIVER, a long southern stream flowing north into Gusev Crater
- MAJA VALLEY, a canyon in Xanthe whose river drains Juventa Chasm
- MALEA PLAIN, a low steppe southwest of Hellas; mild for the region; a migration corridor to Argyre
- MANGALA VALLEY southwest of Olympus; a river on the edge of life
- MAREOTIS FOSSAE, a mountain range in Tempe with more ridges than grooves, despite its name
- MARGARITIFER CHAOS, a large, indescribable mess in the lower Mariner Canyon complex
- MARINER CANYONS, less certain than you think
- the MARINER DELTA, lenticular heaven
- MAWRTH RIVER, a winding, seasonal stream east of the Mariner Delta; border of Cydonia
- MEDUSA VALLEY, east end of the Martian jungle, not far from Olympus
- MELAS CHASMA, the center of the Mariner canyon complex, now flooded and full of islands.
- MERIDIA, Terra Meridiani, now an equatorial grass-belt separating two deserts, Araby and Noachia
- MIE, a northern crater, now a cool, rainy ring-island
- MTS OF MITCHEL, an icy arm of the South Polar Cap reaching toward Hellas
- NEPENTHE VALLEY, an equatorial floodplain southeast of Isidis Bay; the Martian Eden
- NEREIDIM MONTES, the arcuate mountains northwest of the Argyre Sea; a giant craterwall
- NEWTON, a very deep, forested crater in the Southern Highlands between Aonia and Cimmeria
- NILI PATERA, a shield volcano in Syrtis creating a rainshadow
- the NILO COAST, a vast, cool coastal forest; the wide east end is the Proto Coast, the narrow west the Deutero Coast
- NILOSYRTIS MENSAE, a stormy archipelago; Syrtis Islands to the locals
- the NIRGAL VALLEY, a dry prairie north of Argyre
- NOACHIA, a cratered desert; impact chaos
- NOCTIS LABYRINTHUS, the Maze of Night at the head of Mariner Canyon; snowy plateaus, dark-wooded canyons
- NORTH SEA, Mars's mother ocean, alive again
- OLYMPUS, a quickly glaciating monster
- OPHIR CHASMA, north-central arm of Mariner Canyon, now a small sound full of islands
- ORCUS PATERA, a shattered shield volcano, now twin craggy islands
- OUDEMANS, a crater just south of upper Mariner Canyon, now lake-filled
- the OUTFLOW CHANNELS, Mariner Canyon's delta
- OXIA PALLIS, a crater largely worn away by the Mariner flood
- PAVONIS MONS, a volcano of Tharsis, rivaling Oympus in height; narrow cliffwalled throat
- PHLEGRA PENINSULA, a rugged peninsula of northern Elysium
- PROTO COAST, a vast, cool coastal forest north of Araby
- PROTONILUS MENSAE, a Siberian archipelago off the Proto Coast; to the locals, the Proto Islands
- REULL VALLEY, a broad river valley east of Hellas Basin. Warm for the Southlands.
- SCHIAPARELLI, a great crater in Meridia, now an oasis--marsh, savanna and woods.
- SHALBATANA VALLEY, an old outflow channel just north of Ganges Chasma; now a river valley
- SIMUD VALLEY, an outflow channel, now the mouth of Mariner Sound
- SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS: Noachia, Aonia and Sirena, Cimmeria, Promethea, Hesperia; broken by the great lowlands of Hellas and Argyre
- SYRTIS, the green west coast of Isidis Bay, rising to dark Mt Nili
- TEMPE, a Martian Siberia, north of Tharsis; cold woods, bare ridges
- THARSIS RISE or BULGE, a huge lava plateau rising into space
- THARSIS THOLUS or MT THARSIS, a large volcano near the east edge of Tharsis Bulge
- TITHONIUS CHASMA, a dead-end branch of Mariner Canyon, now much enlarged
- TIU VALLEY, an outflow channel, now an equatorial sound
- TRIVIUM CHARONTIS, eastern Elysium's fertile plain
- TYRRHENA, an equatorial yet alpine plateau between Hellas and Isidis Bay
- MT. TYRRHENIUS, a shield volcano east of Tyrrhrena Plateau and west of Hesperia
- UTOPIA PLANITIA, now the Sea of Utopia, a lobe of the Northern Ocean
- URANIUS PATERA, a large volcanic vent in north-central Tharsis, now a high-altitude crater lake
- VASTITAS BOREALIS, the northern sea-basin, now refilled
- XANTHE, a channeled plain--warm, but how fertile? I suspect a savanna heart but wooded ends
Index of Martian place names
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